BAPSY BAPSY Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cognitive Psychology Questions and Answers 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which cognitive psychologist proposed the concept of 'schemas' as mental frameworks that help organize and interpret information?
- Jean Piaget (Correct answer)
- B.F. Skinner
- Ivan Pavlov
- John Watson
Correct answer: Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget introduced the concept of schemas as cognitive structures that individuals use to organize and make sense of experiences.
Question 2: What is the term for the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs?
- Anchoring bias
- Confirmation bias (Correct answer)
- Availability heuristic
- Hindsight bias
Correct answer: Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias is the tendency to favor information that supports existing beliefs while disregarding contradictory evidence.
Question 3: In Baddeley's model of working memory, which component is responsible for processing visual and spatial information?
- Phonological loop
- Central executive
- Visuospatial sketchpad (Correct answer)
- Episodic buffer
Correct answer: Visuospatial sketchpad
The visuospatial sketchpad handles the temporary storage and manipulation of visual and spatial information in working memory.
Question 4: What phenomenon occurs when earlier items in a list are remembered better than items in the middle?
- Recency effect
- Primacy effect (Correct answer)
- Von Restorff effect
- Serial position effect
Correct answer: Primacy effect
The primacy effect refers to the superior recall of items presented at the beginning of a list due to greater rehearsal opportunity.
Question 5: Which theory suggests that forgetting occurs because similar memories interfere with one another?
- Decay theory
- Interference theory (Correct answer)
- Cue-dependent forgetting
- Motivated forgetting
Correct answer: Interference theory
Interference theory proposes that forgetting happens when competing memories disrupt the retrieval of target information.
Question 6: What is the approximate capacity of short-term memory as proposed by George Miller?
- 3 plus or minus 1 items
- 5 plus or minus 2 items
- 7 plus or minus 2 items (Correct answer)
- 12 plus or minus 3 items
Correct answer: 7 plus or minus 2 items
George Miller's classic 1956 paper proposed that short-term memory can hold approximately seven items, plus or minus two.
BAPSY BAPSY Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cognitive Psychology Questions and Answers 2
Which cognitive psychologist proposed the concept of 'schemas' as mental frameworks that help organize and interpret information?