ASQ Certified Quality Inspector & Reliability Engineer 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A quality inspector finds that 12 out of 200 sampled parts are nonconforming. What is the proportion nonconforming (p)?
- 0.06 (Correct answer)
- 0.12
- 0.94
- 0.008
Correct answer: 0.06
p = 12/200 = 0.06, representing the fraction of defective parts in the sample.
Question 2: Which reliability measure describes the probability that a system performs its required function for a specified time under stated conditions?
- Availability
- Maintainability
- Reliability (Correct answer)
- Durability
Correct answer: Reliability
Reliability is formally defined as the probability of failure-free performance over a given time period under specified conditions.
Question 3: On a control chart, which condition indicates a process is out of statistical control?
- All points within 1-sigma limits
- Seven consecutive points on one side of the centerline (Correct answer)
- Random scatter around the centerline
- Points alternating above and below centerline
Correct answer: Seven consecutive points on one side of the centerline
Seven consecutive points on one side of the centerline is a Western Electric rule indicating a non-random shift in the process mean.
Question 4: A bearing has a Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) of 500 hours. What is its failure rate (λ)?
- 500 failures/hour
- 0.002 failures/hour (Correct answer)
- 0.02 failures/hour
- 250 failures/hour
Correct answer: 0.002 failures/hour
Failure rate λ = 1/MTBF = 1/500 = 0.002 failures per hour for exponentially distributed failures.
Question 5: Which sampling plan type is used when a decision must be made after inspecting only one sample?
- Double sampling
- Multiple sampling
- Sequential sampling
- Single sampling (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Single sampling
Single sampling plans require one fixed sample to be drawn and inspected before making an accept/reject decision.
Question 6: In a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), the Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated as:
- Severity × Occurrence
- Severity + Occurrence + Detection
- Severity × Occurrence × Detection (Correct answer)
- Occurrence / Detection
Correct answer: Severity × Occurrence × Detection
RPN = Severity × Occurrence × Detection, and is used to prioritize failure modes for corrective action.
Question 7: A micrometer reads 0.2510 inches on a nominal 0.250-inch gauge block. The measurement error is best described as:
- 0.001 inch of random error
- 0.001 inch of bias (Correct answer)
- 0.2510 inch of precision error
- Zero error because it is within tolerance
Correct answer: 0.001 inch of bias
A consistent offset from the known true value is bias (systematic error), not random variation.
ASQ Certified Quality Inspector & Reliability Engineer 2
A quality inspector finds that 12 out of 200 sampled parts are nonconforming.
What is the proportion nonconforming (p)?