ASP Workplace Ergonomics 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary risk factor for developing carpal tunnel syndrome in the workplace?
- Prolonged standing
- Repetitive wrist motions combined with force and awkward postures (Correct answer)
- Exposure to loud noise
- Working in cold temperatures
Correct answer: Repetitive wrist motions combined with force and awkward postures
Carpal tunnel syndrome is primarily associated with repetitive wrist motions combined with forceful gripping and non-neutral wrist postures.
CTS occurs when the median nerve is compressed within the carpal tunnel. Risk factors include repetitive motions, forceful gripping, sustained awkward wrist postures, vibrating hand tools, and cold temperatures.
Question 2: According to NIOSH lifting guidelines, what is the recommended maximum weight limit under ideal conditions?
- 25 pounds
- 35 pounds
- 51 pounds (Correct answer)
- 75 pounds
Correct answer: 51 pounds
The NIOSH Revised Lifting Equation establishes a recommended weight limit of 51 pounds under ideal lifting conditions.
The Load Constant is 51 pounds. Six multiplier factors reduce the RWL based on actual conditions: horizontal distance, vertical location, travel distance, asymmetry, frequency, and coupling quality.
Question 3: What is the purpose of a neutral posture in ergonomics?
- To ensure workers remain perfectly still
- To position the body so joints are naturally aligned with minimal stress on muscles, tendons, and skeletal structures (Correct answer)
- To eliminate all physical movement
- To maintain the same position throughout a shift
Correct answer: To position the body so joints are naturally aligned with minimal stress on muscles, tendons, and skeletal structures
Neutral posture positions the body with joints naturally aligned, minimizing stress on the musculoskeletal system.
Key neutral postures include head balanced over shoulders, shoulders relaxed, elbows at approximately 90 degrees, wrists straight, back maintaining natural S-curve, and feet flat on the floor.
Question 4: What is whole-body vibration and what health effects can it cause?
- Vibration from hand tools causing finger numbness
- Vibration transmitted through the seat or floor to the entire body, potentially causing lower back disorders and spinal degeneration (Correct answer)
- The feeling of shakiness from caffeine
- Minor tremors from cold exposure
Correct answer: Vibration transmitted through the seat or floor to the entire body, potentially causing lower back disorders and spinal degeneration
Whole-body vibration is transmitted through the seat or standing surface and is associated with lower back pain and spinal disorders.
Common exposures include operating heavy equipment, helicopters, and boats. Health effects include lower back pain, spinal disc degeneration, gastrointestinal disorders, and impaired balance.
Question 5: What is a musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risk factor analysis?
- A medical examination for new hires
- A systematic evaluation of workplace tasks to identify ergonomic risk factors such as force, repetition, posture, duration, and vibration (Correct answer)
- A financial analysis of workers' comp claims
- A review of employee fitness center usage
Correct answer: A systematic evaluation of workplace tasks to identify ergonomic risk factors such as force, repetition, posture, duration, and vibration
An MSD risk factor analysis systematically evaluates jobs and tasks to identify ergonomic risk factors that contribute to MSDs.
Key risk factors include force, repetition, awkward postures, static postures, contact stress, vibration, and duration. Common assessment tools include the NIOSH Lifting Equation, RULA, REBA, and Strain Index.
Question 6: What is the recommended approach for setting up a computer workstation to prevent ergonomic injuries?
- Place monitor as high as possible
- Position monitor at arm's length with top at or slightly below eye level, keyboard at elbow height, and feet flat on the floor (Correct answer)
- Use the smallest monitor available
- Tilt keyboard at maximum angle
Correct answer: Position monitor at arm's length with top at or slightly below eye level, keyboard at elbow height, and feet flat on the floor
An ergonomic workstation positions the monitor at arm's length with top at eye level, keyboard at elbow height, and supports neutral postures.
Key elements include monitor at 20-26 inches, keyboard at elbow height with slight negative tilt, mouse at same level close to body, lumbar support, and regular micro-breaks every 20-30 minutes.
ASP Workplace Ergonomics 2
What is the primary risk factor for developing carpal tunnel syndrome in the workplace?