AP Human Geography: Political Patterns & Processes 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A landlocked country surrounded entirely by one other state, like Lesotho within South Africa, is best described as what type of state?
- Enclave (Correct answer)
- Exclave
- Buffer state
- Microstate
Correct answer: Enclave
An enclave is a state or part of a state entirely surrounded by the territory of another state.
Question 2: The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 is most significant for which political-geographic outcome?
- Establishing the United Nations
- Drawing superimposed boundaries across Africa (Correct answer)
- Creating the European Union
- Defining the Law of the Sea
Correct answer: Drawing superimposed boundaries across Africa
European powers drew superimposed colonial boundaries across Africa with little regard for existing ethnic or cultural groups.
Question 3: A boundary that follows a clearly visible physical feature such as a river or mountain range is classified as which type?
- Geometric boundary
- Relic boundary
- Physical (natural) boundary (Correct answer)
- Antecedent boundary
Correct answer: Physical (natural) boundary
A physical or natural boundary follows features of the natural landscape like rivers, ridges, or coastlines.
Question 4: UNCLOS grants a coastal state economic rights over resources extending how far from its baseline as an Exclusive Economic Zone?
- 12 nautical miles
- 24 nautical miles
- 150 nautical miles
- 200 nautical miles (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 200 nautical miles
The Exclusive Economic Zone extends 200 nautical miles from the baseline under UNCLOS.
Question 5: When a national government grants some powers to subnational units like provinces while retaining ultimate authority, this process is called what?
- Devolution (Correct answer)
- Annexation
- Irredentism
- Balkanization
Correct answer: Devolution
Devolution is the transfer of certain powers from the central government to subnational regions.
Question 6: The redrawing of U.S. congressional district boundaries to favor one political party is known as what?
- Reapportionment
- Gerrymandering (Correct answer)
- Devolution
- Federalism
Correct answer: Gerrymandering
Gerrymandering manipulates district boundaries to advantage a particular party or group.
Question 7: A long, narrow extension of state territory, such as the Caprivi Strip of Namibia, is termed a what?
- Prorupted shape (Correct answer)
- Perforated shape
- Fragmented shape
- Compact shape
Correct answer: Prorupted shape
A prorupted state has a compact core with a long extension or panhandle of territory.
AP Human Geography: Political Patterns & Processes 2
A landlocked country surrounded entirely by one other state, like Lesotho within South Africa, is best described as what type of state?