AP Human Geography: Industrial & Economic Development 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to Rostow's stages of economic growth, which stage is characterized by sustained industrialization and rapid economic growth as a society moves beyond traditional methods?
- Traditional society
- Take-off (Correct answer)
- Age of high mass consumption
- Preconditions for take-off
Correct answer: Take-off
The take-off stage features sustained industrialization and rapid, self-sustaining economic growth.
Question 2: Wallerstein's World-Systems Theory classifies countries into which three categories?
- Rich, middle, poor
- Core, semi-periphery, periphery (Correct answer)
- North, central, south
- First, second, third world
Correct answer: Core, semi-periphery, periphery
World-Systems Theory divides the global economy into core, semi-periphery, and periphery regions.
Question 3: A factory location chosen to minimize transportation costs by sitting near raw materials best reflects which theory?
- Weber's least cost theory (Correct answer)
- Christaller's central place theory
- Von Thünen's model
- Rostow's model
Correct answer: Weber's least cost theory
Weber's least cost theory explains industrial location by minimizing transport, labor, and agglomeration costs.
Question 4: Which term describes the spatial grouping of related industries to share services, infrastructure, and labor pools?
- Deindustrialization
- Agglomeration (Correct answer)
- Outsourcing
- Footloose location
Correct answer: Agglomeration
Agglomeration is the clustering of related businesses to share resources and reduce costs.
Question 5: An industry whose location is not strongly tied to raw materials or markets, such as software development, is described as:
- Bulk-reducing
- Bulk-gaining
- Footloose (Correct answer)
- Primary
Correct answer: Footloose
Footloose industries can locate almost anywhere because they are not tied to specific resources or markets.
Question 6: The Gross National Income (GNI) per capita is most commonly used to measure a country's:
- Population density
- Level of economic development (Correct answer)
- Cultural diversity
- Political stability
Correct answer: Level of economic development
GNI per capita is a standard indicator of a country's economic development level.
Question 7: A bulk-reducing industry, such as steel production, tends to locate near:
- The consumer market
- Major airports
- The source of raw materials (Correct answer)
- Government centers
Correct answer: The source of raw materials
Bulk-reducing industries locate near raw materials because the final product weighs less than the inputs.
AP Human Geography: Industrial & Economic Development 2
According to Rostow's stages of economic growth, which stage is characterized by sustained industrialization and rapid economic growth as a society moves beyond traditional methods?