Animal Care and Veterinary Animal Care and Veterinary Nutrition & Dietary Management 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which macronutrient provides the most metabolizable energy per gram in a dog's diet?
- Protein
- Carbohydrates
- Fat (Correct answer)
- Fiber
Correct answer: Fat
Fat provides approximately 8.5 kcal/g of metabolizable energy, more than protein or carbohydrates at roughly 3.5 kcal/g each.
Question 2: What minimum crude protein percentage (dry matter basis) does AAFCO recommend for adult dog maintenance?
- 10%
- 18% (Correct answer)
- 22%
- 30%
Correct answer: 18%
AAFCO guidelines set the minimum crude protein at 18% on a dry matter basis for adult dog maintenance diets.
Question 3: Which amino acid must be supplied in a cat's diet because cats have a limited ability to synthesize it adequately?
- Lysine
- Taurine (Correct answer)
- Methionine
- Arginine
Correct answer: Taurine
Cats have a metabolic deficiency in taurine synthesis and require dietary taurine to prevent dilated cardiomyopathy and retinal degeneration.
Question 4: A dog diagnosed with chronic kidney disease would most benefit from a diet that is:
- High protein, high phosphorus
- Restricted protein, restricted phosphorus (Correct answer)
- High fat, low carbohydrate
- High fiber, high protein
Correct answer: Restricted protein, restricted phosphorus
Restricted protein and phosphorus diets reduce the kidney's workload and slow the progression of chronic kidney disease.
Question 5: What body condition score (BCS) range is considered ideal for dogs and cats on the 9-point scale?
- 1-2
- 4-5 (Correct answer)
- 6-7
- 8-9
Correct answer: 4-5
A BCS of 4-5 on the 9-point scale indicates ideal body weight with easily palpable ribs and a visible waist tuck.
Question 6: Which type of diet is most appropriate for a cat diagnosed with struvite urolithiasis?
- High moisture, high protein diet (Correct answer)
- Low moisture, high magnesium diet
- High carbohydrate, low protein diet
- High phosphorus, low moisture diet
Correct answer: High moisture, high protein diet
High moisture, high protein diets increase urine volume and reduce urinary pH, promoting dissolution of struvite crystals.
Animal Care and Veterinary Animal Care and Veterinary Nutrition & Dietary Management 1
Which macronutrient provides the most metabolizable energy per gram in a dog's diet?