AFOQT AFOQT General Science Biology and Chemistry 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the:
- Atom
- Cell (Correct answer)
- Tissue
- Organ
Correct answer: Cell
The cell is the smallest unit of life capable of independently carrying out all basic biological processes.
Question 2: Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Chloroplast
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria generate most of the cell's ATP through aerobic respiration, earning the name 'powerhouse of the cell.'
Question 3: A solution with a pH of 3 is classified as:
- Strongly basic
- Neutral
- Weakly basic
- Acidic (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Acidic
Solutions with a pH below 7 are acidic, with values closer to 0 indicating stronger acidity.
Question 4: Which blood type is considered the universal donor for red blood cell transfusions?
- A positive
- B negative
- O negative (Correct answer)
- AB positive
Correct answer: O negative
Type O-negative blood lacks A, B, and Rh antigens, making it compatible with all other blood types.
Question 5: The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight is called:
- Respiration
- Transpiration
- Fermentation
- Photosynthesis (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, using solar energy to synthesize glucose from CO2 and H2O.
Question 6: How many chromosomes does a normal human somatic (body) cell contain?
- 23
- 46 (Correct answer)
- 92
- 48
Correct answer: 46
Human somatic cells are diploid and contain 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 homologous pairs.
AFOQT AFOQT General Science Biology and Chemistry 1
The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the: