ACE ACE Health Coaching & Behavior Change 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which behavior change model describes stages including precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance?
- Transtheoretical Model (Correct answer)
- Health Belief Model
- Social Cognitive Theory
- Theory of Planned Behavior
Correct answer: Transtheoretical Model
The Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change) identifies five stages through which individuals progress when modifying health behaviors.
Question 2: In motivational interviewing, what does the acronym OARS stand for?
- Open questions, Affirmations, Reflective listening, Summaries (Correct answer)
- Objectives, Actions, Results, Strategies
- Outcomes, Assessment, Reflection, Support
- Open dialogue, Advice, Reassurance, Solutions
Correct answer: Open questions, Affirmations, Reflective listening, Summaries
OARS represents Open questions, Affirmations, Reflective listening, and Summaries — the core communication skills of motivational interviewing.
Question 3: Which principle of behavior change involves rewarding a client immediately following a desired behavior to increase its frequency?
- Positive reinforcement (Correct answer)
- Negative reinforcement
- Punishment
- Extinction
Correct answer: Positive reinforcement
Positive reinforcement involves providing a desirable stimulus immediately after a behavior to increase the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated.
Question 4: Self-efficacy, as defined by Bandura, refers to a person's belief in their ability to:
- Execute a specific behavior to achieve a desired outcome (Correct answer)
- Understand nutritional guidelines
- Measure their own fitness level
- Identify barriers to exercise
Correct answer: Execute a specific behavior to achieve a desired outcome
Self-efficacy is an individual's confidence in their own capacity to execute the behaviors necessary to produce specific outcomes.
Question 5: Which health coaching technique involves asking a client to rate their importance or confidence in making a change on a scale of 0–10?
- Scaling questions
- SMART goal setting
- Decisional balance
- Readiness ruler (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Readiness ruler
The readiness ruler uses a 0–10 scale to help clients and coaches assess both the importance of change and the client's confidence in making it.
Question 6: A client who joins a gym because they genuinely enjoy exercise and want to feel healthier demonstrates which type of motivation?
- Intrinsic motivation (Correct answer)
- Extrinsic motivation
- Identified regulation
- Introjected regulation
Correct answer: Intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation arises from internal rewards such as enjoyment and personal satisfaction rather than external pressures or incentives.
ACE ACE Health Coaching & Behavior Change 1
Which behavior change model describes stages including precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance?