ACE ACE Exercise Science & Physiology 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the term for the body's ability to consume and use oxygen during sustained exercise?
- Anaerobic capacity
- VO2 max (Correct answer)
- Stroke volume
- Cardiac output
Correct answer: VO2 max
VO2 max is the maximum rate at which the body can consume and utilize oxygen during intense exercise.
Question 2: Which energy system is the primary source of ATP during the first 10 seconds of high-intensity exercise?
- Oxidative system
- Glycolytic system
- Phosphocreatine (ATP-PC) system (Correct answer)
- Beta-oxidation
Correct answer: Phosphocreatine (ATP-PC) system
The phosphocreatine (ATP-PC) system provides immediate ATP for short-duration, high-intensity efforts lasting up to about 10 seconds.
Question 3: What physiological response is known as the 'afterburn effect' following vigorous exercise?
- Thermoregulation
- EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption) (Correct answer)
- Anaerobic threshold shift
- Hormonal cascade
Correct answer: EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption)
EPOC refers to the elevated oxygen consumption that continues after exercise ends as the body returns to its resting state.
Question 4: Which muscle fiber type is most recruited during a low-intensity, long-duration group fitness class?
- Type IIb fast-twitch
- Type IIa fast-twitch
- Type I slow-twitch (Correct answer)
- Type IIx glycolytic
Correct answer: Type I slow-twitch
Type I (slow-twitch) muscle fibers are highly fatigue-resistant and are preferentially recruited during prolonged, low-intensity aerobic activity.
Question 5: What is the Karvonen formula used to calculate in exercise programming?
- Maximum oxygen uptake
- Target heart rate reserve (Correct answer)
- Caloric expenditure per session
- Lactate threshold
Correct answer: Target heart rate reserve
The Karvonen formula uses heart rate reserve (HRmax minus resting HR) to calculate a personalized target heart rate range for training.
Question 6: Which response best describes cardiac output during moderate aerobic group exercise?
- It decreases due to vasodilation
- It increases via rises in heart rate and stroke volume (Correct answer)
- It remains unchanged from resting levels
- It increases only through elevated stroke volume
Correct answer: It increases via rises in heart rate and stroke volume
Cardiac output (heart rate × stroke volume) increases during aerobic exercise primarily through elevated heart rate and, to a lesser extent, increased stroke volume.
ACE ACE Exercise Science & Physiology 1
What is the term for the body's ability to consume and use oxygen during sustained exercise?