ABFM Preventive Medicine and Health Maintenance 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to CDC guidelines, which adults should receive the high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccine?
- Adults aged 50 and older
- Adults aged 60 and older
- Adults aged 65 and older (Correct answer)
- All immunocompromised adults regardless of age
Correct answer: Adults aged 65 and older
The CDC recommends that adults aged 65 and older preferentially receive high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccines due to better immunogenicity in this age group.
Question 2: A 50-year-old man with no prior cardiac events has a 10-year ASCVD risk of 12%. Which preventive measure does the USPSTF recommend?
- Initiate low-dose aspirin therapy
- Initiate high-intensity statin therapy
- Initiate low- to moderate-dose statin therapy (Correct answer)
- Reassess risk in 5 years without intervention
Correct answer: Initiate low- to moderate-dose statin therapy
USPSTF recommends initiating low- to moderate-dose statin use for primary prevention in adults aged 40–75 with ≥1 CVD risk factor and a 10-year ASCVD risk of 10% or greater.
Question 3: Which mammography screening recommendation aligns with the USPSTF 2024 updated guidance for average-risk women?
- Begin annual mammography at age 40 (Correct answer)
- Begin biennial mammography at age 40
- Begin annual mammography at age 50
- Begin biennial mammography at age 50
Correct answer: Begin annual mammography at age 40
In 2024, the USPSTF updated its recommendation to support biennial mammography starting at age 40 for average-risk women, moving the start age from 50.
Question 4: Which of the following immunizations is recommended annually for all adults without contraindications?
- Tdap booster
- Zoster vaccine (Shingrix)
- Influenza vaccine (Correct answer)
- Meningococcal vaccine
Correct answer: Influenza vaccine
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged 6 months and older without contraindications.
Question 5: A 28-year-old sexually active woman is not pregnant. Which preventive supplement does the USPSTF recommend for her?
- Iron supplementation daily
- Calcium 1,200 mg daily
- Folic acid 0.4–0.8 mg daily (Correct answer)
- Vitamin D 2,000 IU daily
Correct answer: Folic acid 0.4–0.8 mg daily
USPSTF recommends daily folic acid supplementation (0.4–0.8 mg) for all women of reproductive potential to prevent neural tube defects.
Question 6: Which bone density screening recommendation does the USPSTF support for women?
- Screen all women beginning at age 50
- Screen all women beginning at age 60
- Screen women aged 65 and older, and younger postmenopausal women at increased risk (Correct answer)
- Screen only women with a prior fragility fracture
Correct answer: Screen women aged 65 and older, and younger postmenopausal women at increased risk
USPSTF recommends screening for osteoporosis with bone measurement testing in women aged 65 and older, and in younger postmenopausal women with increased osteoporosis risk.
Question 7: When should hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening be performed according to USPSTF recommendations?
- Only in adults with IV drug use history
- Once in all adults aged 18–79 (Correct answer)
- Annually in all adults over 50
- Only when LFTs are elevated
Correct answer: Once in all adults aged 18–79
The USPSTF recommends one-time HCV screening for all adults aged 18–79 regardless of risk factors.
ABFM Preventive Medicine and Health Maintenance 2
According to CDC guidelines, which adults should receive the high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccine?