ABE ABE Dental Trauma Management 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to the Andreasen classification, which fracture involves enamel and dentin WITHOUT pulp exposure?
- Enamel infraction
- Uncomplicated crown fracture (Correct answer)
- Complicated crown fracture
- Crown-root fracture
Correct answer: Uncomplicated crown fracture
An uncomplicated crown fracture involves enamel and dentin but does not expose the dental pulp, hence 'uncomplicated.'
Question 2: What is the most appropriate endodontic treatment for a permanent tooth with a complicated crown fracture (pulp exposure) and an open apex in an adolescent patient?
- Pulpectomy and full root canal treatment
- Extraction and implant planning
- Cvek pulpotomy (partial pulpotomy) to preserve apexogenesis (Correct answer)
- Pulp capping with zinc oxide eugenol
Correct answer: Cvek pulpotomy (partial pulpotomy) to preserve apexogenesis
A Cvek (partial) pulpotomy preserves vital pulp tissue and allows continued root development (apexogenesis) in immature permanent teeth.
Question 3: Which luxation injury involves displacement of the tooth in a non-axial direction with accompanying alveolar bone fracture?
- Concussion
- Subluxation
- Lateral luxation (Correct answer)
- Intrusive luxation
Correct answer: Lateral luxation
Lateral luxation involves displacement in a non-axial direction and is always accompanied by comminution or fracture of the alveolar bone.
Question 4: Which luxation injury carries the POOREST prognosis for pulp survival in permanent teeth?
- Concussion
- Subluxation
- Lateral luxation
- Intrusive luxation (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Intrusive luxation
Intrusive luxation has the poorest pulp survival prognosis due to severe crushing and severing of the apical neurovascular supply during axial displacement.
Question 5: What is the appropriate management of an intruded permanent tooth with a CLOSED apex in an adult patient?
- Allow spontaneous re-eruption and observe
- Immediate orthodontic or surgical repositioning (Correct answer)
- Extract and replant immediately
- Apply a rigid splint and observe for 6 months
Correct answer: Immediate orthodontic or surgical repositioning
Intruded permanent teeth with closed apices in adults require orthodontic or surgical repositioning, as spontaneous re-eruption is unlikely in mature teeth.
Question 6: What is the most common sequela following lateral luxation injury in a permanent tooth?
- External root resorption only
- Pulp necrosis with subsequent periradicular infection (Correct answer)
- Immediate ankylosis
- Permanent crown discoloration without pulp death
Correct answer: Pulp necrosis with subsequent periradicular infection
Pulp necrosis is the most common sequela of lateral luxation, occurring in approximately 50–60% of affected permanent teeth due to neurovascular disruption.
ABE ABE Dental Trauma Management 1
According to the Andreasen classification, which fracture involves enamel and dentin WITHOUT pulp exposure?